Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally.

Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together.

Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared.

Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister.

Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ .

Read the text below. For questions (23 — 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Match Made It in Heaven As

I sat sipping a cup of tea at my sister Doris’ house, my husband, Brian, (23) ______ my eye and flashed me a wide smile. Brian’s eyes had lit up when he saw Michael, our nephew, playing with a pile of craft matchsticks, attempting to make a house.

“How about a (24) ______ ?” he said to Michael. “You make a house and I’ll make a little boat”. In a couple of hours the pair had cut, crafted and glued the matchsticks together and the task was complete. “I’m going to call the boat Hazel,” Brian said proudly. That was when his (25) ______ really started.

We found a hobby shop that sold modelling matchsticks, and we soon became their best customers. “I’m going to get bags of them,” Brian said. “I’ll start a new project when I get home.” He got to work on a larger boat, swiftly followed by an (26) ______ copy of a Second World War torpedo boat. Brian was never happier than when he was sat in front of the TV with his matchsticks and PVA glue. It was a great way to keep his mind (27) ______ as he’d retired from his refrigerator factory job years before with health problems, so I was pleased he’d found a hobby he loved.

Soon he decided to build a giant grandmother clock. The project was (28) ______ well; it just would have been nice to clear up my living room floor occasionally. Brian would make sections of the clock and then he’d (29) ______ it together. It took around seven years and 210,000 matchsticks to complete the grandmother clock. It now has pride of place in our living room, and chimes to the tune of Big Ben every 15 minutes.

As the pieces (30) ______ up, the space in our house disappeared. “We’re going to have to find new homes for some of your models,” I said to Brian one day. The loft was crammed full of pieces and I hadn’t seen the coffee table in years. He’d made a beautiful rocking horse, complete (31) ______ a saddle made from one of my old bags, which we gave to Brian’s sister. He’d also built a huge windmill that played Tulips from Amsterdam, which we (32) ______ to his aunt.

The craziest idea Brian ever had was to row from Dover to Calais in a giant boat made of matchsticks. He actually got as far as constructing the 5ft (33) ______ . It took nearly a month and 216,000 matchsticks to build, but thankfully that idea was shelved.

Instead, he contented himself with making yet another old wartime boat. There were working lights, tiny lifeboats and even the propellers worked. But hopefully the latest boat won’t be here for much longer. “Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?” Brian asked recently. “That’s a lovely idea,” I said. It would be great if they did — then at least I might get my living room back.

“Do you think the maritime museum would (34) ______ the boat?”

Read the text below. For questions (35 — 40) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

How Pigeons Really Get Home

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines — even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: ...

Read the text below. For questions (35 — 40) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

How Pigeons Really Get Home

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines — even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, ...

Read the text below. For questions (35 — 40) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

How Pigeons Really Get Home

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines — even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

... using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

Read the text below. For questions (35 — 40) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

How Pigeons Really Get Home

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines — even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate.

Read the text below. For questions (35 — 40) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

How Pigeons Really Get Home

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines — even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.

Read the text below. For questions (35 — 40) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

How Pigeons Really Get Home

Homing pigeons (35) ______ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (36) ______ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology (37) ______ by Swiss and Italian colleagues.

What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their wellknown talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (38) ______ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines — even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (39) ______ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

Guilford suggests that sticking to a (40) ______ , linear route may actually make homing more reliable — and easier.

Read the text below. For questions (41 — 46) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Why Does Red Mean Stop?

The 19th-century Scottish engineer Robert Stevenson, who was active in designing early lighthouses, (41) ______ for an alternative colour to white — most lighthouses had a white beacon — when he built a lighthouse near to one that already existed, because he was afraid ships (42) ______ be able to tell which was which. Of the light sources and (43) ______ glasses available at the time, he found that red was a particularly intense light, meaning it (44) ______ from the greatest distance. So in maritime signalling red became an alternative to white, and was later adopted by the Admiralty in 1852 (45) ______ the port-side on steam vessels. Green was adopted for the starboard-side, and vessels seeing the green light on other ships had the right of way.

When train tracks were developed, engineers adopted this system as (46) ______ stop and go — and the same system continued with cars.

The 19th-century Scottish engineer Robert Stevenson, who was active in designing early lighthouses, (41) ______ for an alternative colour to white ...