Read the text below. For questions (23–32) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D)

The Meaning of Monkey Talk

Krak! Hok! Boom! These might sound (23) ______ random noises to us, but to a species of monkey living in Ivory Coast, they (24) ______ a very specific meaning. During (25) ______ studies of the Campbell’s monkeys in the Tai National Park, naturalists (26) ______ that when the monkeys spotted a leopard on the prowl, they would cry "Krak!" to (27) ______ other members of their group of the danger. A hok, by (28) ______ , alerted other monkeys that a crowned eagle was circling overhead. Boom seemed only to indicate that a branch had broken (29) ______ a nearby tree. What particularly intrigued the researchers, however, was the fact that the creatures weren’t just (30) ______ certain sounds to certain events, but seemed to have developed a kind of syntax. Sometimes, for instance, a monkey would add an oo sound to one of the above-mentioned noises, to suggest a(an)(31) ______ but more general threat: so krak-oo would mean that there was danger, but not (32) ______ from a leopard. The language of the Campbell’s monkeys may be "the most complex example of ‘proto-syntax’ in animal communication known to date", the researchers told.

...but not (32) ______ from a leopard.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa Has Never Been Straight

Soon after building started in 1173, the foundation of the Pisa tower settled unevenly. Construction ______ , and was continued only a 100 year later. It then became visibly clear that the Tower of Pisa is leaning, tilting to the south.

Since regular measuring of the tower began in 1911, the top of the tower  ______ 1,2 millimeters per year. In 1989, the Tower of Pisa Project Consortium commissioned engineers ______ the Leaning Tower. Because the Tower tilted in different directions in its first years, it is slightly curved, like a banana. Engineers are working on the footing of the Tower rather than the structure, ______ to ease the top back about 20 cm. But it means that ______ tower will remain leaning.

Soon after building started in 1173, the foundation of the Pisa tower settled unevenly. Construction ______ , and was continued only a 100 year later.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa Has Never Been Straight

Soon after building started in 1173, the foundation of the Pisa tower settled unevenly. Construction  ______ , and was continued only a 100 year later. It then became visibly clear that the Tower of Pisa is leaning, tilting to the south.

Since regular measuring of the tower began in 1911, the top of the tower ______ 1,2 millimeters per year. In 1989, the Tower of Pisa Project Consortium commissioned engineers ______ the Leaning Tower. Because the Tower tilted in different directions in its first years, it is slightly curved, like a banana. Engineers are working on the footing of the Tower rather than the structure, ______ to ease the top back about 20 cm. But it means that ______ tower will remain leaning.

Since regular measuring of the tower began in 1911, the top of the tower ______ 1,2 millimeters per year.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa Has Never Been Straight

Soon after building started in 1173, the foundation of the Pisa tower settled unevenly. Construction ______ , and was continued only a 100 year later. It then became visibly clear that the Tower of Pisa is leaning, tilting to the south.

Since regular measuring of the tower began in 1911, the top of the tower ______ 1,2 millimeters per year. In 1989, the Tower of Pisa Project Consortium commissioned engineers ______ the Leaning Tower. Because the Tower tilted in different directions in its first years, it is slightly curved, like a banana. Engineers are working on the footing of the Tower rather than the structure,  ______ to ease the top back about 20 cm. But it means that ______ tower will remain leaning.

In 1989, the Tower of Pisa Project Consortium commissioned engineers ______ the Leaning Tower.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa Has Never Been Straight

Soon after building started in 1173, the foundation of the Pisa tower settled unevenly. Construction ______ , and was continued only a 100 year later. It then became visibly clear that the Tower of Pisa is leaning, tilting to the south.

Since regular measuring of the tower began in 1911, the top of the tower  ______ 1,2 millimeters per year. In 1989, the Tower of Pisa Project Consortium commissioned engineers ______ the Leaning Tower. Because the Tower tilted in different directions in its first years, it is slightly curved, like a banana. Engineers are working on the footing of the Tower rather than the structure, ______ to ease the top back about 20 cm. But it means that ______ tower will remain leaning.

Engineers are working on the footing of the Tower rather than the structure, ______ to ease the top back about 20 cm.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa Has Never Been Straight

Soon after building started in 1173, the foundation of the Pisa tower settled unevenly. Construction ______ , and was continued only a 100 year later. It then became visibly clear that the Tower of Pisa is leaning, tilting to the south.

Since regular measuring of the tower began in 1911, the top of the tower ______ 1,2 millimeters per year. In 1989, the Tower of Pisa Project Consortium commissioned engineers ______ the Leaning Tower. Because the Tower tilted in different directions in its first years, it is slightly curved, like a banana. Engineers are working on the footing of the Tower rather than the structure,  ______ to ease the top back about 20 cm. But it means that ______ tower will remain leaning.

But it means that ______ tower will remain leaning.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Swiftly Evolving Blackcap

Evolution doesn’t have to take centuries. In the case of the Blackcap songbird, ______ decades were enough. The birds breed in the forests of southern Germany, and traditionally fly to Spain for the winter. Most still make the journey south, but since the 1960s, 10%  ______ to wintering in England, where the colder climate is more than ______ by the food left out on bird tables - a postwar phenomenon. These birds have rounder wings than their Spanish cousins (which provide better mobility but are ______ suited to long-distance flight) and longer, narrower beaks, better suited to bread and nuts than to olives. Researchers speculate that if the birds ______ to evolve in this way, they could eventually become a distinct species.

In the case of the Blackcap songbird, ______ decades were enough.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Swiftly Evolving Blackcap

Evolution doesn’t have to take centuries. In the case of the Blackcap songbird, ______ decades were enough. The birds breed in the forests of southern Germany, and traditionally fly to Spain for the winter. Most still make the journey south, but since the 1960s, 10%  ______ to wintering in England, where the colder climate is more than ______ by the food left out on bird tables - a postwar phenomenon. These birds have rounder wings than their Spanish cousins (which provide better mobility but are ______ suited to long-distance flight) and longer, narrower beaks, better suited to bread and nuts than to olives. Researchers speculate that if the birds ______ to evolve in this way, they could eventually become a distinct species.

Most still make the journey south, but since the 1960s, 10% ______ to wintering in England...

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Swiftly Evolving Blackcap

Evolution doesn’t have to take centuries. In the case of the Blackcap songbird, ______ decades were enough. The birds breed in the forests of southern Germany, and traditionally fly to Spain for the winter. Most still make the journey south, but since the 1960s, 10%  ______ to wintering in England, where the colder climate is more than ______ by the food left out on bird tables - a postwar phenomenon. These birds have rounder wings than their Spanish cousins (which provide better mobility but are ______ suited to long-distance flight) and longer, narrower beaks, better suited to bread and nuts than to olives. Researchers speculate that if the birds ______ to evolve in this way, they could eventually become a distinct species.

...where the colder climate is more than ______ by the food left out on bird tables - a postwar phenomenon.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Swiftly Evolving Blackcap

Evolution doesn’t have to take centuries. In the case of the Blackcap songbird, ______ decades were enough. The birds breed in the forests of southern Germany, and traditionally fly to Spain for the winter. Most still make the journey south, but since the 1960s, 10%  ______ to wintering in England, where the colder climate is more than ______ by the food left out on bird tables - a postwar phenomenon. These birds have rounder wings than their Spanish cousins (which provide better mobility but are ______ suited to long-distance flight) and longer, narrower beaks, better suited to bread and nuts than to olives. Researchers speculate that if the birds ______ to evolve in this way, they could eventually become a distinct species.

These birds have rounder wings than their Spanish cousins (which provide better mobility but are ______ suited to long-distance flight) and longer, narrower beaks, better suited to bread and nuts than to olives.

Read the text below. For questions choose the correct answer (A, B, C и D)

The Swiftly Evolving Blackcap

Evolution doesn’t have to take centuries. In the case of the Blackcap songbird, ______ decades were enough. The birds breed in the forests of southern Germany, and traditionally fly to Spain for the winter. Most still make the journey south, but since the 1960s, 10%  ______ to wintering in England, where the colder climate is more than ______ by the food left out on bird tables - a postwar phenomenon. These birds have rounder wings than their Spanish cousins (which provide better mobility but are ______ suited to long-distance flight) and longer, narrower beaks, better suited to bread and nuts than to olives. Researchers speculate that if the birds ______ to evolve in this way, they could eventually become a distinct species.

Researchers speculate that if the birds ______ to evolve in this way, they could eventually become a distinct species.

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

It’s not Me, It’s My Hormones!

1 ______

When you feel like you can’t even crack a smile, force yourself to do something fun. Hook up with a funny friend or watch a comedy movie or TV show and laugh till you cry! It might be an act at first, but you’ll soon be giggling for real!

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

It’s not Me, It’s My Hormones!

2 ______

There’s nothing wrong with crying! If you feel yourself welling up and you’re in a quiet and private place, go for it! You’ll feel so much better. Just make sure you’ve got some tissues close by!

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

It’s not Me, It’s My Hormones!

3 ______

It really is true! Certain foods are great for making you happy. When you’re feeling low, reach for some good mood food — nuts, beans, fish, fruit will all put a smile on your face!